RESUMO
We examined the effects of long-term no-tillage sowing with crop stubbles on seedling emergence quality and yield of spring wheat under the three typical spring wheat planting modes of single wheat, wheat-corn intercropping and wheat-soybean intercropping in a long-term field experiment in Hexi oasis irrigated area, aiming to provide theoretical support for the efficient and sustai-nable production of spring wheat. The results showed that, compared with traditional tillage, no-tillage sowing with crop stubbles significantly decreased seedling emergence rate and emergence evenness of spring wheat in wheat-corn intercropping and wheat-soybean intercropping by 3.3%-8.6%, 9.6%-20.5%, 2.9%-8.8%, and 10.7%-61.7%, respectively. Emergence evenness was significantly increased by 14.9% in 2019, while seedling emergence rate was significantly decreased by 4.2% in 2020 under the mode of single wheat compared with traditional tillage. Seedling uniformity of spring wheat seedling stage were reduced under the three typical planting modes, including single wheat, wheat-corn intercropping and wheat-soybean intercropping. Spike number of spring wheat were equal to that of traditional tillage at harvest under the three planting modes of no-tillage sowing with crop stubbles, and the differences were not significant. Effects of seedling emergence rate of spring wheat on yield was weakened by increasing grain number per spike and 1000-grain weight of spring wheat under the three planting modes. Grain yield was significantly increased by 10.3%-12.9% (single wheat), 10.5%-11.9% (wheat-corn intercropping), and 10.3%-22.5% (wheat-soybean intercropping) at harvest, respectively. Our results indicated that no-tillage sowing with crop stubbles was the feasible tillage mode in the production process of spring wheat in Hexi oasis irrigation area with extremely serious farmland wind erosion degradation.
